战国至东汉时期祥瑞灾异说的演变

The Evolution of the Idea of "Auspicious Calamity" from the Warring States Period to Han Dynasty

祥瑞灾异思想是中国古代的重要思想,是天人感应的组成部分,对中国古代政治、社会产生了深远影响。通过对祥瑞灾异思想在战国至东汉之间的发展历程进行梳理,发现祥瑞灾异思想在西汉时期完成了基本的理论构架,其集大成者便是董仲舒,到了东汉时期,社会各阶层不仅全盘接受西汉董仲舒的祥瑞灾异说,而且与西汉末年以来流行的谶纬学说结合起来,使祥瑞灾异说更为完善。

Auspicious calamity, an important thought in ancient China, is a part of induction thought of man and nature in ancient China which had a profound impact on ancient Chinese politics and society. This paper arranges the further development of the auspicious calamity thoughts after the warring states period and argues that the basic theoretical frame of auspicious calamity thought had been completed in Western Han Dynasty with Dong Zhongshu as its outstanding figure. In the Eastern Han dynasty, Dong ＇ s auspicious calamity was well received and combined with Divination Thought which was popular since late Western Han Dynasty and thus made the auspicious calamity more perfect.