汉简所见河西戍边军费相关问题考

A Study on the Military Expenditure of Han Dynasty in the Frontier Counties along Hexi Corridor from Han Bamboo Slips

汉代河西地区驻扎了大量的戍边军队,担负着抗击匈奴、维护国家稳定与统一的重要职责。根据西北地区出土的汉简与传世文献,文章从军官俸禄、粮食供给及运输费、衣服供给费用、武器装备及军马费、赏赐及抚恤费等,蠡测汉代河西地区的军队费用开支总和达10亿钱,约占全国财政收入的14%左右。并对汉代河西戍边军费的完备而细密的帐簿制度和严格的审核制度做了探讨,尤其是按日月年分别编册成籍,这对国家及时准确地了解军费开支使用情况及军费、粮食等物资的调拨,同时也为防止不法官吏盗取国防财物事情的发生,都起到了积极的监控作用。

A large number of troops were stationed in Hexi Region in Han Dynasty that played the role of fight- ing against the Huns and safeguarding the stability and unity of the country. Based on Han Bamboo Slips unearthed in the northwest China and the literatures handed down from the West, the article analyzes the situation of the army officers ＇ salary, food supply and transportation costs, clothing supply costs, weapons and military expenses, reward and pensions. The total cost of military spending reached 10 billion, about 14% of national revenue. It also discusses the complete and detailed accountant and the strict examination system of the Hexi Corps which bring a timely and accurate understanding of the state expenditure and allocation of military expenditure, prevents illegal officials from stealing the defense property.