肥水耦合对膜下滴灌水稻穗部性状及产量的影响

Effect of Fertilizer and Water Coupling on Panicle Characters and Yield of Upland Rice Under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Film Mulching in Cold Region

以龙粳31号和空育131为材料,采用随机试验设计,研究膜下滴灌旱种下肥水耦合对寒地水稻穗部性状及产量的影响。结果表明:膜下滴灌旱种下两品种的穗长、单穗重均以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的80%为控水下限的水分管理相对较大;膜下滴灌旱种下两种肥料处理对两品种穗长、单穗重、一次枝梗数的影响不显著;膜下滴灌旱种下两种水分处理对两品种一、二次枝梗数的影响不显著;膜下滴灌旱种下空育131以常规施肥量的二次枝梗数较多。膜下滴灌旱种下以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的80%为控水下限的水分管理其产量高于以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的60%为控水下限的水分管理,两品种的表现为一致的。膜下滴灌旱种下以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的60%为控水下限的水分管理,同时分蘖肥与穗肥用量为对照80%的处理两品种的经济产量均为最低。与对照相比,膜下滴灌旱种下两品种各处理的产量均表现为降低。空育131以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的80%为控水下限的水分管理,同时分蘖肥与穗肥用量同对照相同的处理(S2F2)最适合膜下滴灌旱种;龙粳31号以体积含水量降至饱和含水量的80%为控水下限的水分管理,同时分蘖肥与穗肥用量为对照的80%的处理(S2F1)最适合膜下滴灌旱种。

With Longjing31 and Kongyu131 as experimental material, the effects of fertilizer and water coupling on panicle characters and yield of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching in cold region were studied by using random experiment design. The results indicated that： Volume moisture content reduced by 80 percent of that of saturation moisture content as water control lower limit was carried out in drip irrigation with plastic mulching, the panicle length and panicle weight of two varieties were relatively long and heavy ; The effect of two fertilizer treatments types on panicle length panicle weight and primary rachis-branches of two varieties were not significant under drip irrigation with plastic mulching; The effect of two water treatments types on primary rachis-branches and second rachis-branches of twovarieties were not significant under drip irrigation with plastic mulching; Conventional fertilizer application was carried out under drip irrigation with plastic mulching, and Kongyul31 had more second rachis-branches; The yield of the treatment with the volume moisture content decreasing to the 80 percent of saturation moisture content as the water control lower limit was higher than that of the treatment with the volume moisture content decreasing to 60 percent of saturation moisture content as the water control lower limit ; The treatments with the volume moisture content decreasing to 60 percent of saturation moisture content as water control lower limit and tillering and growing panicle fertilizer decreasing to 80 percent of that of CK were carried out under drip irrigation with plastic mulching, and the economical yield of two varieties all were lowest; The yields of the two varieties under drip irrigation with plastic mulching were lower than that of CK. The treatment with the volume moisture content decreasing to 80 percent of saturation moisture content as water control lower limit and applying fertilizer for tillering and growing panicle at the same amount with CK （S2F2） was best for Kongyu131 in drip irrigation with plastic mulching; The treatment with volume moisture content decreasing to 80 percent of saturation moisture content as water control lower limit and tillering and growing panicle fertilizer decreasing to 80 percent of that of CK （S2F1） was best for Longjing31 in drip irrigation with plastic mulching.：