同伴地位与青少年冒险行为的关系:一个有调节的中介模型

The Relationship between Peer Status and Risk-Taking Behavior of Adolescents: A Moderated Mediating Model

为探讨同伴地位影响青少年冒险行为的作用机制及条件,采用青少年冒险行为问卷、同伴提名问卷、自我控制能力问卷、同伴群体特征问卷对山东省日照市1288名初高中学生进行调查。结果发现,(1)同伴地位负向预测青少年冒险行为,该预测作用是通过交往不良同伴的中介作用实现的;(2)交往不良同伴对青少年冒险行为的预测受到个体自我控制能力的调节。对于高自我控制能力青少年,其冒险行为与交往不良同伴无关,但低自我控制能力青少年会因交往不良同伴而参与更多冒险行为。结果提示培养良好的自我素质,塑造良好的同伴环境对于青少年的健康发展有重要作用。

To explore the mechanism of the relationship between peer status and risk-taking behavior of adolescents, the present study proposed and examined a moderated mediating model in which deviant peer affiliation mediates the above-mentioned relationship and this mediating effect was moderated by individual＇ s self-control ability, with a sample of 1288 middle school and high school students （mean age = 14.99 years, SD = 2.20） as participants. The participants completed the Peer Nomination Questionnaire, Middle School Students＇ Self-Control Ability Question- naire, Peer Group Character Questionnaire and Adolescent Risk-Taking Behavior Questionnaire. The SEM results showed that （1） deviant peer affiliation mediated the relationship between peer status and adolescent risk-taking behavior. （2） The effect of deviant peer affiliation on adolescent risk-taking behavior was moderated by self-control ability. Specifically, deviant peer affiliation significantly and positively predicted adolescent risk-taking behavior for those adolescents with low levels of self-control, whereas it had no obvious effect on this kind of behavior for those with high levels of self-control. These findings suggest that both poor peer status and more deviant peer affiliation were risk factors for adolescent risk-taking behavior, but high levels of self-control could at least buffer the negative effect of deviant peer affiliation on adolescent risk-taking behavior.