响应面法优化亚临界水同步提取茶籽油及茶皂素的工艺

Optimization of Simultaneous Extraction of Tea Seed Oil and Saponin with Subcritical Water Applying Response Surface Methodology

采用绿色亚临界水同步提取了油茶籽中的茶籽油及茶皂素。在考察提取温度、提取时间、料液比和压力对茶籽油及茶皂素提取率影响的基础上,进一步利用Box-Benhnken试验设计方法对提取工艺进行优化。用GC-MS对试验提取的茶籽油和索氏提取的茶籽油中的脂肪酸成分进行测量和比较。结果表明最佳工艺条件为:提取温度125℃、提取时间32 min、液料比11∶1 m L/g、压力3 MPa;在此条件下茶籽油提取率为(92.06±1.61)%、茶皂素提取率为(72.2±1.06)%。通过气质分析发现,与索氏提取法相比,试验提取的茶籽油不饱和脂肪酸含量更高,表明亚临界水法提取的茶籽油品质更优。

The greener subcritical water extraction （SWE）was employed to extract of tea seed oil and saponin from tea seed simultaneously. On the basis of investigation on the effects of extraction temperature, extraction time, liquid - solid ratio and pressure on the extraction yield of tea seed oil and saponin, the extraction process was optimized by means of the Box - Benhnken experimental design. Through GC - MS, the fatty acid composition in the extracted tea seed oil and soxhlet extraction of tea seed oil was measured and compared. The results showed that the optimum process parameters were ：extraction temperature being 125 ℃, time of extracting being 32 min ,ratio of liquid -solid being 11 ： 1 mL/g and pressure being 3 MPa. Under the conditions, the extraction rate of tea seed oil and saponin were （92. 06 ± 1.61 ）%, （72. 2 ± 1.06）% ,respectively. It was found that through the gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer analysis, compared with soxhlet extraction method, chemical tea seed oil of contained unsaturated fatty acid was higher than that of soxhlet extraction of tea seed oil,which showed the quality of tea seed oil extracted by SWE could be better.