食物及挥发物对米象、玉米象及锯谷盗诱集效果的研究

Attractant Effect of Plant Volatiles to Sitophilus Oryzae,Sitophilus Zeamais and Oryzaephilus Surinamensis Linne

针对为减少粮食损失、减少熏蒸剂的用量,而运用食物引诱剂对仓虫监控和防治这一重要课题,本研究在实验室条件下测试2种食物和4种食物中对害虫有引诱作用的有效化学成分单一或组合时对3种害虫的诱集效果,从而筛选出对每种实验昆虫诱集效果最佳的诱集物配比方案。试验表明,对米象诱集效果最好的组合为香草醛(0.012 g)+二氯甲烷(0.5 m L)+亚油酸(2.5 m L)+二十烷(0.02 g),诱集率最高可以达到65.2%;对玉米象诱集效果最好的为单一米糠,诱集率可达74%;对锯谷盗诱集效果最好的是单一的诱集物香草醛,诱集率最高可以达到64%以上。

In order to reduce the grain loss and reduce the amount of fumigant, it is an important task to use food attractant to monitor and control pest. The purpose of this study was to test the trapping effect of single or combination chemicals which was extracted from six kinds of foods to three kinds of insect pests under the condition of the laboratory, with aiming of selecting the best proportion of traps to the pests. The result indicated that the best combination chemicals for the Sitophilus oryzae are vanillin （0.012 g） ＋ dichloromethane （0.5 mL） ＋ linoleic acid （2.5 mL） ＋ eicosane （0.02 g）, with trapping percentage reaching to 65.2%. Single rice bran was the best trap for the Sitophilus oryzae, with more than 74% trapping percentage, while for the Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne, the best trap isonly vanillin, with more than 64% trapping percentage.