讲堂论学:梁漱溟特有的论学模式

Academic Discussion in the Lecture Hall:Liang Shuming's Typical Mode of Academic Discussion

"五四"前后,中国新的学术典范大体定型,开始确立从提问到表述的一整套"规范"。梁漱溟恰于此时开创了一种与众不同的讲堂论学模式,即在"再创宋明人讲学之风"的意义采用西来的"公开演讲"新方式。他了解以说服与证明为要项的新论学方式,但尝试了一种经演讲而成书的模式,因口头讲述而简化新论证规范,往往不经"证明"而直抒见解,实际挑战了形成中的学术典范。这样一种介乎于学院和"社会"之间的言说方式,虽与学界对话,却不遵循"为学术而学术"的现代诉求,而带有化民成俗的遗风,揭示出过渡时代里天下士与知识人身份定位和职责的紧张。

Around the May Fourth Movement,new academic paradigm was generally formed in China,and there began to establish a whole set of 'norms' from question to narration.Just in this time,Liang Shuming initiated a distinctive mode of making academic discussion in the lecture hall,which adopted the Western imported way of 'public lecture' in the significance of 'recreating the style of giving lecture by the Song-Ming scholars.' He understood the new way to discuss academics with the elements of persuasion and demonstration,yet tried a mode of creating a book through lecture.This mode simplified the new norms of academic demonstration because it was orally narrated,and views were often stated without argument,which actually challenged the new academic paradigm in formation.Though also having conversations with the academia,such way of expression between college and 'society' did not obey the modern appeal of 'learning for the sake of learning,' and bore the heritage of moralizing people,just revealing the tension between the status and duty of literati and intellectuals in the times of transition.