牛角瓜花的抑菌活性研究

Antifungal and antimicrobial activity of flower extracts from Calotropis gigantea

目的以牛角瓜花为实验材料,对其抑菌活性进行研究。方法以索氏提取法得到牛角瓜花的石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和甲醇的粗提物,并选择白色念珠菌等6种真菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等7种细菌,采用纸片琼脂扩散法对不同溶剂粗提物进行抑菌活性测定。结果牛角瓜花的石油醚粗提物对黄曲霉、枯草芽孢杆菌和尖孢镰刀菌表现出优秀的抑菌效果,抑菌圈直径分别为13.37、12.81、12.25 mm,均优于阳性对照氟康唑和两性霉素B的抑菌活性;氯仿粗提物对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌表现出良好的抑菌活性,抑菌圈直径分别为11.73、11.10、10.84 mm;乙酸乙酯和甲醇粗提物的抑菌效果较弱,乙酸乙酯粗提物对黄曲霉的抑菌圈直径为12.81 mm,甲醇粗提物对黑曲霉的抑菌圈直径为9.90 mm,且两种粗提物对其他供试菌有较弱或无抑菌效果。结论牛角瓜花中的化学成分在不同溶剂中的溶解性不同,使得4种溶剂粗提物的抑菌能力存在差异。

Objective This study focus on the antifungal and antimicrobial activity of flower extracts from Calotropis gigantea.Methods The flower of Calotropis gigantea was extracted by Soxhlet extraction method with four different solvents, including petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol. The antimicrobial activities were evaluated against six tested fungi and seven tested bacteria using disc agar diffusion method（K-B method）. Results The petroleum ether extracts of flower exhibited excellent antifungal and antimicrobial activities against Aspergillus flavus（ATCC2003）, Bacillus subtilis（ATCC11774） and Fusarium oxysporum（ATCC41029）, the inhibition zone diameter were 13.37, 12.81, 12.25 mm respectively.The antimicrobial activities were better than positive control fluconazole and amphotericin B. The chloroform extracts of flower displayed good antifungal activity against Bacillus subtilis（ATCC11774）, Escherichia coil（ATCC25922） and Candida albicans（ATCC10231）. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of flower showed a weak inhibitory activity. The inhibition zone diameter of ethyl acetate extracts of flower against Aspergillus flavus（ATCC2003） was 12.81 mm, the inhibition zone diameter of methanol extracts against Aspergillus niger（ATCC16404） was 9.90 mm, and two kinds of extracts showed a weak or no inhibitory activity against other fungi and bacterial species. Conclusion The antifungal and antimicrobial activity of extracted compounds of Calotropis gigantea has different solubility in different solvents, making flower extracts with different antifungal and antimicrobial activities in four solvents.