室内颗粒物污染对儿童哮喘影响的病例对照研究

Impact of indoor particulate matters pollution on childhood asthma: a case-control study

目的探讨室内大气颗粒物对儿童哮喘的影响。方法于2012—2013年采用病例-对照研究方法,对武汉市82名儿童居室内环境污染情况等进行问卷调查,对室内颗粒物浓度进行检测。结果病例组儿童室内PM_(10)平均浓度高于对照组(P<0.05)。将两种颗粒物质量浓度划分为0μg/m^3~、100μg/m^3~、150μg/m^3~、200μg/m^3~不同等级,以0μg/m^3~为参照组,随着污染物浓度的升高,儿童哮喘发生的OR值逐渐升高;在调整混杂因素后,其OR值仍呈增加趋势,尤其是PM_(10)浓度在200μg/m^3以上时,调整后OR值为27.05(95%CI:1.52~482.94)。结论室内PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)对儿童哮喘有影响,且存在剂量-反应关系。

Objective To understand the effects of indoor particulate matters on childhood asthma. Methods With case-control study, 82 children in urban of Wuhan were interviewed at home, and the particulate matter concentrations in children ＇ living room were measured. Results Compared with the control group, the concentrations of PM10 in living rooms were significantly higher among the children with asthma（P〈0.05） with a dose-dependent manner. Adjusted by the covariates, PM10 significantly increased the risk of asthma, especially when the concentration exceeded 200 μg/m^3（OR =27.05, 95% CI： 1.52-482.94）.Conclusion PM10 and PM2.5 in indoor air may increase childhood asthma, especially when it is in the higher level.