“保护的责任”与中国的联合国维和政策

The Responsibility to Protect and China's U.N.Peacekeeping Policy

近年来,学界对联合国维和行动中的保护平民议程和"保护的责任"进行明确区分,但随着武装团体蓄意攻击当地民众,使基于"保护的责任"的强制行动和保护平民的强力维和,在概念和行动上的区别变得模糊。这一趋势对中国的联合国维和政策构成一系列政治和行动的挑战。为此,与"保护的责任"相关目标应纳入联合国维和行动,联合国维和特派团应提高识别、监测暴行罪风险的能力,通过明确而全面的暴行预防战略,支持维和人员执行保护平民的任务,进而阻止暴行罪发生,而这种预防能力建设也符合中国的维和政策和利益。

Despite efforts to clearly distinguish the protection of civilians(POC)agenda in United Nations peacekeeping from the military action associated with the Responsibility to Protect(RtoP),in recent years these lines have been blurred in situations where U.N.peacekeeping missions havebeen mandated to protect civilians in volatile conflict situations where armed groups deliberately attack local populations.This trend has raised a series of political and operational challenges for China's U.N.peacekeeping policy.Therefore,the goals of RtoP should be integrated into U.N.peacekeeping,but the aim should be to enhance peacekeeping atrocity prevention,which can reduce the need for more robust reaction measures.To this end,recommendations are offered for building U.N.peacekeeping RtoP prevention capacity which could align with and support China's U.N.peacekeeping policy and interests