织构分布对刀具切削性能影响的有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Texture Distribution on Tools Properties

目的研究刀具表面织构分布对刀具切削性能的影响。方法基于大型非线性分析软件ABAQUS进行刀具二维切削TI6AL4V的有限元仿真,收集切削力数据,通过切削实验进行验证,误差符合后进行等间距、非等间距和混合型织构的有限元仿真,收集切削力、切削热等切削数据进行分析。结果提取结果后与无织构刀具相比,等间距织构刀具的最高温度降低12.4%,非等间距织构刀具的最高温度降低14.5%,混合型织构刀具的最高温度降低16.5%。与无织构刀具相比,等间距织构刀具的主切削力降低9.8%,非等间距织构刀具的主切削力降低11.2%,混合型织构刀具的主切削力降低12.6%。结论在刀具表面加工适当的织构可以提高刀具的切削性能,织构间距越小,织构的减摩作用越明显,与等间距织构相比,非等间距织构减摩效果更好。织构分布过于密集易造成加工中的震动问题,在微织构中添加尺寸更小的微细级织构,既能减小刀屑接触面积,又避免了因间距过小导致刀具强度降低的问题。

The work aims to study the effects of surface texture distribution on tools machinability. Finite element simula- tion of TI6AL4V was completed by using a 2D model based on the large-scale nonlinear analysis software ABAQUS, cutting force data was collected and verified based upon cutting experiments, finite element simulation of equispaced, non-equispaced and mixed texture were done once errors was qualified, and cutting data such as cutting force and cutting heat was collected for analysis. Compared with texture-free cutting tools, maximum temperature of equispaced texture tool decreased by 12.4~, that of non-equispaced texture cutting tool by 14.5%, and mixed texture tool by 16.5%. Compared with texture-free tools, principal cut- ting force of equispaced texture tool decreased by 9.8%, that of non- equispaced texture tool by 11.2%, and mixed texture tool by 12.6%. Proper surface texture can improve machinability of tools, the smaller the distance between the texture is, a more ob- vious role will texture plays in reducing friction. Antifriction effect of the non-equidistance texture was better than that of equispaced texture. Too dense texture leads to vibration during cutting. Adding smaller superfine texture in microtexture can not only reduce contact area of tool chip, but also avoid tool strength decrease as a result of undersize gap.