盾构隧道结构性态无线感知方法

Wireless Sensing Method for Structural Behavior of Shield Tunnel

为了实现盾构隧道结构性态多参量感知,构建盾构隧道运营期无线传感网络系统,考虑盾构隧道运营环境振动及粉尘、电磁干扰等特点,针对盾构隧道结构病害种类及特征,采用微机电系统研发适用于盾构隧道的无线倾角传感器、渗漏水传感器和接缝传感器。针对盾构隧道超长线性特征,采用二层网络拓扑技术,基于ZigBee协议和3G协议构建无线传感网络系统,实现对盾构隧道结构性态的多参量实时无线监测,并通过现场应用验证了系统的可靠性。结果表明:在隧道邻近基坑开挖过程中,无线传感系统可实时反映隧道结构性态变化规律。在基坑开挖不同阶段,结构变形速率与渗漏水状态实时发生相应变化;多种感知参量间数据相互支撑,盾构隧道横向收敛、纵向相对沉降与渗漏水发展规律一致;多种传感参量综合分析可更好地掌握隧道结构状态,如通过接缝传感器和倾角传感器数据综合分析,可知隧道结构发生向基坑侧旋转。因此,综合多种结构状态量监测可更加完整有效地反映盾构隧道在运营中的结构状态,从而为结构安全预警及合理养护提供技术依据。

In order to understand the multiple parameters sensing for the structural behavior of shield tunnel,the wireless sensor network（WSN）system was established to ensure the safety of tunnel operation.Characteristics of shield tunnel in the operating period such as environment vibration,dust,electromagnetic interference,etc.were considered in this paper.In allusion to the type and characteristics of defects of the shield tunnel structure,the wireless tilt sensor,the wireless leakage sensor and the wireless crack sensor applicable to shield tunnel were developed by micro electro mechanical systems（MEMS）.Aiming at linear characteristics of shield tunnel,the WSN system was constructed by the two-layer network topology for real-time wireless monitoring of multi-parameters of shield tunnel structural behavior,based on ZigBee protocol and3 Gprotocols.The reliability of the system was verified by field application.The results show that change laws of shield tunnel structural behavior can be obtained in time by WSN system during the adjacent excavation.Firstly,in different stages of excavation,the structural deformation rate changes with corresponding changes of the leakage state in real time.Second,the data among various sensing parameters support each other and the behaviors of the horizontal convergence,longitudinal settlement and development law of seepage in shield tunnel are consistent.Finally,the tunnel structural behavior can be better grasped by the comprehensive analysis of multiple sensing parameters.With the comprehensive analysis of the monitoring data from crack sensor and tilt sensor,it is easy to find that the tunnel structure rotates laterally to the excavation.Therefore,the structure condition of shield tunnel during operation period can be understood more completely and effectively by multi-parameter monitoring.It provides technical support for structure safety forewarning and reasonable maintenance.