美国有毒有害大气污染物名录编修对我国的启示

The enlightenment of cataloging of hazardous air pollutants of the United States

美国是最早开展有毒有害大气污染物研究并实现了较好管控的国家之一,其健全的大气污染法律法规体系和控制技术全面、有效地实现了对有毒有害大气污染物的控制和治理,尤其是美国《清洁空气法》中提出的有关有毒有害大气污染物名录,按照科学与实际相结合的方法筛选出189种有毒有害污染物,通过污染源管理、最大可控限值等管理制度,有针对性地对大气中有毒有害污染物进行防控。研究该名录制定时污染物的筛选方法和名录发布后的行政管理措施等,建立具有中国特色的有毒有害大气污染物名录,将为我国大气环境的治理提供重要参考。

The United States is one of the first countries to carry out study on hazardous air pollutants（ HAPs）. It has perfect systems of laws,regulations and technical methods,having achieved a comprehensive and effective control and management of hazardous pollutants in the air. In particular,the United States Clean Air Act proposes to establish the list of HAPs and 189 HAPs have been screened out based on the scientific and practical methods. The HAPs are targeted for the prevention and control through management instruments of pollution source management and maximum achievable control limits. The methods of screening the HAPs in the cataloging and the administrative measures for the implementation of the list can provide experience for China to establish its own list of toxic and hazardous air pollutants,so as to provide important basis for air pollution control in the country.