从儿童的行为特点分析中小学校门窗安全设计

Analysis of Windows and Doors Security Design in Elementary and Middle School Based on Children Behaviors

中小学建筑门窗安全是教育建筑设计的重要内容,本文通过现场调查、访谈等形式调研了郑州市几所中小学在使用中的门窗安全现状,分析发生于中小学建筑门窗的窗台坠落、门窗夹手、门窗撞伤等伤害案例,找出中小学建筑门窗设计存在的安全隐患,认为中小学生作为未成年人,具有独特的行为特点,应根据中小学建筑中普通教室、卫生间、走廊、楼梯间、活动室的不同空间特点,从开启方式、开窗面积、开窗形状及防护网设置结合立面造型设计。同时,中小学建筑的门上应设观察窗,并与阻尼器等多种现代科技安全装置相结合,进行多种角度安全设计。

Security of Windows and doors in elementary and middle school was one of the most significant aspect in the field of design of educational buildings security. Through investigation os spot and interview, the condition of windows and doors of several schools in Zhengzhou was surveyed. By analyzing the accident cases, such as kidsdroping from window, hands clamped and bruise, the safe leak was defined. As juveniles, students had unique behaviors. Based on spatial features of classrooms, toilets, corridors, staircases and activity rooms, the open system, area and form of windows and protective screening was set as one part of facade design. Meanwhile, observation window and other modern security devices like damper would be set in doors as well, which formed integrated security design.