广州市社区老年人中医体质分析

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Physique Types of Elderly Population from One University Community in Guangzhou

【目的】通过对广州市天河区某重点高校社区的65岁以上老年人群进行中医体质调查,分析不同性别、不同年龄组老年人群的中医体质类型特点,从而为中医体质辨识在老年人群疾病防治、中医养生保健、健康宣传教育等方面提供流行病学调查的数据支持。【方法】选用《老年版中医体质分类与判定量表》,采用一对一调查问卷的形式进行中医体质辨识。【结果】(1)777例65岁以上老年人群中,痰湿质231例(29.7%)、血瘀质129例(16.6%)及平和质71例(9.1%)为此次调查人群的主要体质类型。(2)不同性别组分布构成比不同,男性痰湿质、湿热质明显多于女性,而女性阳虚质、气郁质和兼夹体质明显多于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(3)不同年龄段排名前3位的体质基本不变,均为痰湿质、血瘀质和兼夹体质(P<0.01),且虚损体质类型随年龄增加而有逐渐增加趋势,非虚损体质类型随年龄增加而有逐渐减少趋势。【结论】通过本次对该社区老年人群进行的调查,揭示了广州高校社区老年人群的中医体质类型分布规律,对于运用中医药方法对不同体质类型的老年人群进行干预具有指导价值。

Objective To provide epidemiological evidence for the application of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） physique differentiation to the disease control and prevention,Chinese medicine health care,public education and so on in the elderly population. Methods TCM physique types of the elderly population aged over 65 years old from one University community in Tianhe district of Guangzhou city were analyzed by one-on-one questionnaire investigation with the Classification and Identification Scale for Senile Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution, and the correlation of TCM physique types with gender, age group was also explored. Results（1）In the 65-year-old elderly population of 777 cases,231（29.7%）were classified into phlegm-damp physique,129（16.6%）into blood-stasis physique,and 71（9.1%）into harmony physique,which contributed to the major physique types.（2） Physique types varied in the gender. The male was dominated by phlegm-damp physique and damp-heat physique,and the female was dominated by yang-deficiency constitution,Qi-stagnation physique and interweaved physique. The differences of the constitution ratio of physique types in the gender weresignificant（P 〈0.01）.（3）In various age groups,the leading 3 physique types were the same,and they were phlegm-damp physique,blood-stasis physique,and interweaved physique（P 〈0.01）. With the increase of age years, the ratio of deficiency physique type showed an increasing trend while that of the non-deficiency physique type showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion The investigation revealed the distribution of TCM physique types of the elderly population from one University community in Guangzhou, which has important practical value for the intervention of the elderly population with Chinese medicine.