商用高温气冷堆联合循环方案研究

Study on Combined Cycle Plan of Commercial High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor

本文针对高温气冷堆动力转换单元设计了3种联合循环方案,并将3种循环方案在反应堆出口温度900℃的情况下与闭式Brayton循环进行比较。结果表明:闭式Brayton循环在反应堆出口温度较高时,相应反应堆入口温度也较高,这受到反应堆压力壳材料限制,且所需压气机压比较大;联合循环方案的反应堆入口温度低于370℃,反应堆压力壳可使用SA533钢材,无需内壁冷却,且所需压气机压比较小。方案比较显示,提高联合循环效率需增加下位循环出力。方案3的上位循环是简单Brayton循环,下位循环是再热Rankine循环,循环效率可达50.1%。

For power conversion unit of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor（HTR）,three combined cycle plans were designed.They were compared with closed Brayton cycle at the reactor outlet temperature of 900 ℃ .When the reactor outlet temperature is higher,the closed Brayton cycle has a higher reactor inlet temperature which is limited by material of the reactor vessel,and cycle needs a larger compression ratio.In combined cycle,since the reactor inlet temperature is lower than 370℃ ,SA533 steel can be used as reactor vessel without cooling the inner wall.The combined cycle needs a smaller compression ratio.The plan comparison shows that improving the cycle efficiency of the combined cycle needs to increase the bottoming cycle output power.In plan 3,the topping cycle is a simple Brayton cycle,and the bottoming cycle is a reheated Ran-kine cycle.The efficiency of the combined cycle 3 can obtain 50.1%.