《庄子·养生主》“为善无近名,为恶无近刑”辨析

The Explanation of“Wei Shan Wu Jin Ming,Wei E Wu Jin Xing”in Zhuangzi's Yangshengzhu

《庄子·养生主》中"为善无近名,为恶无近刑"历来为诸家注者所难解。究其根本,在于对"善"、"恶"归义范畴的不同和对"名"、"刑"的解释落入"名声"、"刑罚"的局套所致。探析庄子思想中的"善"、"恶"、"名"、"刑"四个概念,认为"善"、"恶"应纳入"知"的范畴;"名"指显露名迹,"刑"指"天刑",即遁天倍情,"无近名""无近刑"正属于"养生"范畴。此句应释为"防止俗知引发的善恶欲念,养生于外无以显名,养生于内不遁天倍情"更能揭露庄子"养生"思想的关键,即"应帝于外而德充于内"。

In Zhuangzi＇s＂Yangshengzhu＂there is a formulation＂wei shan wu jin ming,wei e wu jin xing＂. This phrase has been particularly esoteric and challenging to interpreters. Considering the thought of Zhuangzi, this paper held that the＂shan＂and＂e＂should be put into the category of＂Zhi＂, Correspondingly,＂wu jin xing ＂and＂wu jin ming＂should be into＂Yang Sheng＂. Analyzing of the disadvantages of different explanation and the conception of＂Ming＂and＂Xing＂, We can conclude that this sentence should be accurately interpreted as＂To prevent＂Zhi＂triggering the idea of good and evil, It avoids appearing that devoting to moral culture internally and avoids nature damage that devoting to moral culture internally.