美国营利性大学改革及其对我国发展营利性民办高校的启示

Reform of USA's For-profit University and Enlightenment for the Development of For-profit Non-governmental Institutions of Higher Learning in China

美国是世界上高等教育最为发达的国家之一,但时至今日,其营利性大学的发展也出现了诸多问题。文章对美国营利性大学的发展现状进行梳理,指出存在办学质量堪忧、助学贷款违约率高、师资队伍不稳定以及相关法律制度欠缺等问题,并阐述奥巴马政府所采取的应对措施。以此为启发,提出我国发展营利性民办高校的改革建议:严控招生指标,加强过程督促;转变政府职能,赋权认证机构监管;建立机动聘用合同,完善薪资结构;消除营利歧视,科学制定学分制度。

USA is regarded as the country with the most advanced higher education in the world. However, nowadays, there still exist many problems in the development of for-profit university. This paper discusses the status quo of the for-profit university in USA and points out the existing issues of worrying teaching quality, high student loan default rate, teaching team instability and lack of relevant legal system. It also introduces measures that should be taken by the 0bama administration to tackle such prob- lems. On this basis, it proposes recommendations for developing for-profit non-govermnental institutions of higher learning in Chi- na： strict control of the enrollment target, enhancing the supervision of the admission process; transforming government func- tions, strengthening the certification regulatory agencies ; establishing flexible employment contract, improving salary structure; eliminating for-profit discrimination and developing scientific credit system.