2011—2015年江浙甬沪口岸区域鼠类联合监测情况分析

Analysis of joint surveillance of rodent at Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Ningbo and Shanghai ports,2011-2015

目的掌握江苏、浙江、宁波、上海(江浙甬沪)口岸区域鼠类种群及季节消长等变化规律,为该地区鼠类及鼠源性疾病的风险评估与防控提供依据。方法 2011—2015年,在江浙甬沪4个出入境检验检疫局所在辖区范围内各选择5个具有代表性的口岸,在工作区、生活区和外环境等生境,用鼠夹法和鼠笼法捕鼠,进行形态鉴定。结果江浙甬沪20个口岸共捕获鼠形动物8种1 255只,其中褐家鼠157只、小家鼠173只、黑线姬鼠523只、黄胸鼠163只、大麝鼩26只、臭鼩151只、黄毛鼠61只、巢鼠1只。江苏5个口岸共捕获鼠类431只,以黑线姬鼠为优势种,大麝鼩为区域内分布特有种;浙江5个口岸共捕获鼠类211只,以臭鼩为优势种群,黄毛鼠为浙江地区特有种;宁波5个口岸共捕获鼠类300只,优势种群为黄胸鼠和黑线姬鼠,黄毛鼠在该地区也有分布;上海5个口岸共捕获鼠类313只,优势鼠种为黑线姬鼠。结论江浙甬沪监测到的鼠形动物中有部分鼠种可传播肾综合症出血热、钩端螺旋体病等,应加强口岸区域鼠类的监测和防控工作。

Objective To master the dynamic change rule of population and seasonal fluctuation of rodents at Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Ningbo and Shanghai,to provide the basis for risk assessment and prevention and control of rodents and related diseases. Methods A joint surveillance was conducted at 20 ports of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Ningbo and Shanghai,2011-2015. The mousetraps and cages were used to catch rodents in working area,living area and external environment,and the rodents were identified morphology. Results A total of 8 spices,1 255 rodents were captured at 20 ports of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Ningbo and Shanghai,2011-2015. Among them,there were 157 Rattus norvegicus,173 mus musculus,523 Apodemus agrarius,163 Rattus tanezumi,26 Crocidura lasiura,151 Suncus murinus,61 Rattus losea and 1 Micromys minutes. There were 431,211,300,313 rodents were captured at ports of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Ningbo and Shanghai. Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species,Crocidura lasiura was regional endemic species at Jiangsu ports. Suncus murinus was the dominant species,Rattus losea was regional endemic species at Zhejiang ports. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus tanezumi were the dominant species at Ningbo ports. Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species at Shanghai ports. Conclusion Some species of myomorpha captured were the vectors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS） or leptospirosis disease. It should be strengthen the surveillance and control of rodents at ports.