广州地区呼吸专科门诊咳嗽症状分布调查

A survey on distribution of cough symptom in outpatients from respirologist in Guangzhou

目的了解广州地区呼吸专科门诊中咳嗽症状的分布特点。方法采用统一的调查量表,2013年7月至8月对广州呼吸疾病研究所门诊患者进行面访式问卷调查,记录呼吸系统症状表现,有咳嗽患者记录咳嗽临床特征。结果共收集问卷939份,其中900份有效。患者平均年龄为(48.9±18.3)岁,男453例(50.3%),女447例(49.7%)。具有咳嗽、喘息、气促、胸闷、咽痛、卡他、胸痛、咽痒、发热、咯血和其他症状者分别占总就诊人数76.3%、34.49%、34.1%、19.2%、11.99%、11.2%、9.1%、6.6%、4.0%、1.1%和14.3%。存在咳嗽症状的患者中,69.5%以咳嗽为主诊原因,22.1%以咳嗽为唯一症状。咳嗽中位病程为3个月,其中29.7%的患者为急性咳嗽(<3周),亚急性咳嗽(3~8周)为14.0%,慢性咳嗽(>8周)占56.3%。女性咳嗽患者多于男性(51.7%比48.3%,P<0.05),尤以急性咳嗽明显(60.3%比39.7%,P<0.01),但亚急性和慢性咳嗽性别分布未见显著差异(均P>0.05)。结论咳嗽是呼吸专科门诊中最常见的就诊原因,尤以慢性咳嗽为著。急性咳嗽患者女性较男性多见。

ObjectiveTo explore the spectrum and frequency of respiratory symptoms in outpatients clinics.MethodsPatients were enrolled from outpatient clinic of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease. Information about respiratory symptoms especially cough was obtained from the survey questionnaire from July 2013 to August 2013 .ResultsA total of 900 were eligible out of 939 questionnaires. The mean age of the patients was （48.9±18.3） years, 453 （50.3%） were males, 447 （49.7%） were females. The cases of cough, wheeze, polypnea, chest distress, pharyngalgia, catarrh, chest pain, throat itching, fever, hemoptysis and other symptom was 687 （76.3%）, 310 （34.4%）, 307 （34.1%）, 173 （19.2%）, 107 （11.9%）, 101 （11.2%）, 82 （9.1%）, 59 （6.6%）, 36 （4.0%）, 10 （1.1%） and 129 （14.3%） out of the patients, respectively. In patients with cough, 69.5% of them considered cough as their predominant symptom, and 22.1% of them reported that cough was the only symptom. 56.3% of cases were chronic cough, while acute and subacute cough accounted for 29.7% and 14.0%, separately. The proportion of female in acute cough was significantly higher than that of males （60.3%vs. 39.7%, P〈0.01）.ConclusionsCough, especially the chronic cough is the most common reason for patients who seeking health care in outpatient clinic of respirologist. There are more females suffered from acute cough than males.