3D打印冲击下专利侵权制度应对的新思考——专利质量视角的逻辑及解释

New Idea Concerning the Patent Infringement Regulation Coping with the Challenge from 3D Printing:Logic and Interpretation from the Perspective of Patent Quality

普通消费者个人性的3D打印行为使得现行专利侵权制度受到前所未有的挑战,而国内学界的应对之说莫衷一是。从专利质量诉求的角度入手,根据利益平衡及权利限制原则,将专利侵权构成要件之"为生产经营目的"改为"牟利目的",并恰当适用"合理使用"规则,既可增强专利权保护以应对3D打印技术下专利保护受到的冲击,又可将专利保护限制在一个合理范围,从而满足公众的正当利益诉求,并有利于社会对优质专利之诉求的实现。

The individual 3D printing behavior of ordinary consumer has challenged the current patent infringement regulation in a unprecedented manner. However, the doctrines of the solution to the problem nowadays are quiet different in our nation.Therefore, from the point of claim on patent quality, we can amend the constitutive conditions of patent infringement liability based on the principles of balancing of interests and right limit. Specifically, it is appropriate to change constitute elements of patent infringement from ＇for the purpose of production and business operation＇ to ＇for the purpose of profit-making＇ and apply the rule of ＇fair use＇ properly at the same time. In this case, the protection of patent tight can be strengthened accordingly in order to cope with the impact on patent protection due to 3D printing technology. Meanwhile, the protection of patent tight will be limited to a reasonablerange so that the legitimate interests of the public can be protected properly and the social demand for high quality patents can be meet well.