347例SARI病例15种常见呼吸道病原特征分析

Analysis of 15 Common Respiratory Pathogens in 347 Cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection(SARI)

了解新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院严重急性呼吸道感染(Severe acute respiratory infection,SARI)病例呼吸道病原的构成及主要病原的流行规律,为SARI的防控提供线索和依据。应用多重PCR方法对2015年8月至2016年7月期间在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院儿科、呼吸科、急诊科住院,且符合SARI病例定义的每周二、周四、周六新入院的患者进行检测。347份标本中检出14种呼吸道病原,未检测出衣原体,检出病毒阳性标本144份,阳性率为41.50%,检出前4位的病毒依次是,流感病毒72份、鼻病毒18份、呼吸道合胞病毒15份、偏肺病毒和副流感病毒各13份,阳性率分别为为20.75%,5.19%,4.32%,3.75%,3.75%,检出细菌阳性标本数为155份,阳性率为44.67%,其中肺炎链球菌阳性108份、流感嗜血杆菌阳性62份,肺炎支原体阳性13份,阳性率分别为31.12%、17.87%、3.75%;在108份肺炎链球菌阳性标本中41份标本合并病毒感染。新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院SARI病例病原主要以流感病毒,肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血杆菌为主,各年龄组均有检出,检出病原阳性高峰为冬春季;5岁及以下标本中检出腺病毒和百日咳杆菌会增加收住ICU的风险。

We wished to understand the constitution of respiratory pathogens in patients with severe acute respiratory infection（SARI）and to provide clues for the prevention and control of SARI.The multiple polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect nine types of viruses and six types of bacteria in the throat swabs of 347 patients in the People＇s Hospital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region（China）from August 2015 to July 2016.Fourteen types of respiratory pathogens were detected in 347 samples,but Chlamydia species were not detected.A total of 144 samples were positive（41.50%）.The five most prevalent viruses were the influenza virus（72）,human rhinovirus（18）,human respiratory syncytial virus（15）,human metapneumovirus（13）and a human parainfluenza virus（13）,and the positive rate was20.75%,5.19%.4.32%,3.75%,and 3.75%,respectively.A total of 155samples（44.67%）were positive for bacteria.The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,and Legionella species was 31.12%,17.87%,3.75%,and 0.29%,respectively.These data suggest that SARI cases in our cohort had mainly pathogenic influenza viruses,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae;they were detected in each age group with peaks in the winter and spring.Detection of Human adenovirus and Bordetellapertussis increases the risk of ICU at 5years and below.