不同抗蛇行减振器对动车组蛇行失稳的影响研究

Influence Study of Different Anti-Yaw Dampers on EMUs Hunting Instability

以CRH3型动车组为研究对象,研究了不同抗蛇行减振器对动车组一次蛇行和二次蛇行的影响规律。分析结果表明:T60抗蛇行减振器可以有效抑制车体的一次蛇行运动,但是对转向架的二次蛇行运动抑制能力不足;相反T70抗蛇行减振器可以大大提高转向架的二次蛇行运动稳定性,而对车体的一次蛇行失稳抑制能力不足。研究结果表明,理想的抗蛇行减振器应具备低频下体现小刚度和小阻尼特性,而高频下体现大刚度和大阻尼特性,从而保证CRH3型动车组可以适应不同线路条件、不同磨耗踏面的轮轨匹配要求,避免转向架失稳报警和晃车的发生。

The influence of different anti-yaw dampers on primary and secondary hunting of CRH3 EMUs was studied. The results showed that T60 anti-yaw damper could restrain carbody primary hunting effectively, but could not restrain bogie secondary hunting. On the contrary, T70 anti-yaw damper could improve bogie secondary hunting immensely, but could not restrain carbody primary hunting. This research result showed that the perfect anti-yaw damper should show smaller stiffness and damping characteristic in low-frequency condition, and bigger stiffness and damping characteristic in high-frequency condition, which would ensure that CRH3 EMUs could adapt to different railway lines, satisfy wheel/rail matching requirement of different worn profile tread and avoid bogie instability alarm or carbody hunting.