645例急性呼吸道感染病毒病原检测分析

Analysis of Viral Pathogen in 645 Patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection

采用直接免疫荧光法试剂盒对呼吸道病毒进行快速检测,包括流感病毒A、B型、呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒1、2、3型和腺病毒共7种.结果表明,从本地区645例急性呼吸道感染患者鼻咽分泌物中,共检出呼吸道病毒158例,阳性感染率为24.50%.感染率居前三位的流感病毒A型、呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒B型占85.44%.呼吸道病毒感染以秋、冬两季高发,检出率分别为30.37%和28.78%,与春、夏两季相比差异较明显(P<0.05).从年龄上来看,0-5岁年龄组呼吸道病毒阳性率最高,为32.61%,与其他年龄组阳性率相比差异明显(P<0.05).在男女性别的阳性率比较中,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).呼吸道病毒所致疾病中阳性率最高的是肺炎(35.23%),其次为支气管肺炎(27.27%)和支气管炎(23.78%).直接免疫荧光法检测可以为临床提供快速、准确的诊断依据,同时为临床提供病原学资料,指导合理用药.

The patients of nasopharyngeal secretions were detected in 645 cases of acute respiratory tract infection by direct immunofluorescence method,including detecting influenza virus type A,B（IVA,IVB）,respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,parainfluenza virus 1,2,3（PIV1,2,3） and adenovirus（ADV）.In 645 patients with nasopharyngeal secretions respiratory infection,158 cases detected respiratory viruses,and the positive rate was 24.50%.Moreover,the constituent ratio of IVA,RSV and IVB was 85.44% in seven virus infections.The positive rate was the highest in autumn,accounted for30.37%%,followed by winter 28.78%.The positive rates had statistical significance difference （P〈0.05） between autumn/winter and spring/summer.The positive rates had statistical significance difference （P〈0.05） between 0~5age group and the other age groups.The positive rates had no statistical difference（P〉0.05）between male and female.The first three positive rates of patients with respiratory tract infection were pneumonia 35.23%%,bronchopneumonia 27.27%,bronchitis 23.78%.Using the direct immunofluorescence assay can not only provide quick and accurate diagnostic basis but also offer viral materials in clinic,guide the proper drug use.