现代“陌生人伦理”视野中的医患道德心理

Analysis on Moral Psychology between Doctor and Patient from the Perspective of Modern “Ethics of Strangers”

现代"陌生人伦理"反映的是学者们审视社会的现代性视角,其研究的角度不一。实际上,现代人际关系由主体的"自我心理距离测量"来定,而这与个体道德认知心理的成熟度有关。大致上可以分为三个阶段:规则+情感期、情境+理性期、良心+综合期。由于医患之间信息的不对称性,使得医务人员处在患者"自我心理距离测量"的盲区。又因为不可避免的利益关系,使得患者常常过分地局限于"我"的范围而无法做出客观理性的道德判断。医患交往中的"陌生人伦理"及其产生的种种不良心理正是目前医患关系紧张的重要原因。

Modern ethics of strangers reflects the scholars＇ modernity perspectives towards the modern society with different study approaches. In fact, the modern interpersonal relationship is decided by the subjective Self-Psychology- Space Measurement related to the maturity of individual moral perception, which can be divided into three stages, including discipline-emotion period, situation-rationality period and conscience-comprehension period. Because of the asymmetric information between doctors and patients, the doctors are always placed in the blind area of patients~ Self- Psychology-Space-Measurement. Also, due to the conflicts of interests, patients are always too self-limited to make rational moral judgments. The ethics of strangers and the unhealthy psychology of doctor and patient in their interactions are main reasons for the current intense doctor-patient relationship.