医患会话中医生身份构建的会话分析研究

A Conversation Analysis of Doctors' Identity Construction in the Doctor-patient Discourse

建议是十分常见的语言现象,在医患会话中尤为凸显。医生身份构建是交际互动中的涌现而不是事先指定的,身份需要会话双方或多方进行协商与共建。以医生的建议序列为切入点,从会话分析的角度,动态地研究医生在给予患者诊断建议的同时构建和调整不同的会话身份:专家身份、权威者身份、教育者身份、平等同伴身份或多重身份。旨在为医生更好地理解医患交际中身份构建的动态变化,有助于医生选择并调整合适的会话身份实现与患者之间的有效沟通,使医患关系和谐,成功应对日趋激烈的医患矛盾。

Suggestion is a common language phenomenon in doctor-patient discourse. The doctor＇s identity is constructed by both or more communicators in stand of being predetermined. This paper focuses on the doctor＇s identity construction in suggestion sequence of doctor-patient discourse from the perspective of conversation analysis. By dynamic study the doctor＇s identities could be classified into five categories, including expert identity, authority identity, educator identity, equal partner identity and multiple identities. This paper aims to help doctors understand the dynamic process of doctor＇s identity construction and achieve effectively harmonious relationship by choosing or adjusting appropriate identity to moderate serious doctor-patient conflicts.