哺乳动物心脏再生的机制

Mechanisms of mammalian cardiac regeneration

成年人心脏损伤后心肌不能再生,成为全球心力衰竭的主要原因。尽管所有成年哺乳动物心脏均缺乏明显的再生能力,但是一些低等脊椎动物心肌终其一生都可再生。新近研究表明,哺乳动物在发育期及出生后不久,心脏存在再生潜力。而且在各种动物模型中,心脏再生的机制非常相似,如损伤后炎症反应、基质沉积和重构、心肌细胞增殖等的发生。为什么成年哺乳动物心脏损伤后形成广泛疤痕而不是再生,是一个至关重要的问题,可以为防治心力衰竭的发生提供新方向。

Adult human’s failure of cardiac regeneration after cardiac injury is the main cause of heart failure. For all the lack of significant cardiac regeneration in all adult mammals, some vertebrates can regenerate myocardium throughout their life. Recent studies have indicated that mammals have cardiac regeneration potential during development and perinatal period. In a variety of animal models, the mechanisms of heart regeneration are similar, such as inflammatory response, matrix deposition and remodeling, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Understanding why extensive scar forms and regeneration fails after adult mammalian cardiac damage may provide a new therapeutic strategy for heart failure.