“多速欧洲”的发展及其对中欧关系的影响

Retrospect and Prospect of “Multispeed Europe” and Analysis of the Impact on China-Europe Relationship

在欧盟发展和壮大的历史中,"多速欧洲"理念曾多次引发整个欧洲范围内学界和政界的热议与辩论。同时,欧元区的启动、申根区的扩大等则被视作是"多速欧洲"的具体实践。近年来,为了走出一体化发展停滞的困境,欧盟发展出了包括"选择性退出""开放式协调"和"强化合作"在内的一系列政策工具,以实现部分成员国在某些领域共有的深入一体化需求。在应对2008年爆发的金融危机中,欧盟也进一步积累了这方面的经验。当前,"多速欧洲"以一种更加公开的方式被欧盟广泛提出和讨论,成为未来深入一体化的一大可选路径。以欧洲经济货币联盟治理改革为引领的"多速欧洲"发展模式将可能引发欧盟内部机构和对外战略的改变,也对中欧关系的未来发展产生深远影响。

The concept of 'multispeed Europe' has been heatedly discussed and debated during the development and expansion of the European Union.Meanwhile,it has also entered into practice by the launching of single currency in euro zone and the expansion of the Schengen zone.In recent years,the EU has created and developed a series of new instruments,such as the'opt-outs','open method of coordination'and'enhanced cooperation'to fulfill the demands of deeper integration in certain areas among related member states.While striving against the financial crisis since 2008,the EU has also accumulated more experiences to push the structure reform without unanimity.Currently,'multispeed Europe'is proposed again in an open way by the EU as an alternative for deeper integration.This new development trend may change the internal structure of the EU and its external policy,and also have significant impact to the China-Europe relationship.