某劳动密集型电子企业员工抑郁状况及影响因素分析

Investigation on depression status of employees in a labour-intensive electronic company

[目的]探讨某劳动密集型电子企业员工的抑郁状况及其影响因素,为其心理干预提供理论依据。[方法]采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取725名员工,使用一般情况调查表、病人健康问卷PHQ-9作为评估工具进行问卷调查。[结果]725名员工有抑郁症状者572人,检出率为78.9%;轻度抑郁382人(占66.8%),中度抑郁137人(占24.0%),中重度抑郁39人(占6.8%),重度抑郁14人(占2.4%)。logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,相比初中及以下学历、在婚、非失眠、非轮班、工龄<5年的员工,本科及以上学历、非在婚、失眠、轮班、工龄≥10年员工出现抑郁的OR值分别为3.01、1.66、2.18、1.63、2.33(P<0.05或0.01)。而生活满意度高、月收入高是出现抑郁状态的保护因素:相比生活满意度较低、月收入<1 500元的员工,生活满意度较高、月收入1500~3000元和≥3 000元员工的OR值仅为0.05、0.15和0.14(P<0.05或0.01)。[结论]该企业员工抑郁症状检出率较高,应关注他们的心理健康,采取心理健康教育和心理咨询等有效干预措施,减少抑郁症状发生。

[Objective] To observe the depression status and its influence factors of employees in a labour-intensive electronic company,in order to provide orientation for psychological intervention. [Methods] Totally 725 employees were investigated with the general questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire（PHQ-9）. [Results] Among 725 employees,572 cases（78.9%）showed depression,wherein 382（66.8%）,137（24.0%）,39（6.8%）and 14（2.4%） cases showed mild,moderate,moderate to severe,and severe depression,respectively. The results of logistic regression showed that the depression occurrence OR values of different categorized employees were 3.01（higher education vs. junior high school education）,1.66（unmarried vs. married）,2.18（sleeplessness vs. normal sleep）,1.63（shift work vs. non-shift work） and 2.33（longer employment time vs. employment time less than 5 years）, respectively（P 〈 0.05 or 0.01）. Inversely,the OR values of depression occurrence among the following different categorized employees were 0.05（the higher life satisfaction vs. lower life satisfaction）,0.15（monthly income1 500-3 000 RMB vs. monthly income less than 1 500 RMB） and 0.14（monthly income more than 3 000 RMB vs. monthly income less than 1 500 RMB）,respectively（P 〈 0.05 or 0.01）. [ Conclusion] The occurrence of depression of employees in the labour-intensive electronic company was relative high. We should pay attention to those workers and take effective measures,such as psychological health education and psychological consultation, to promote the workers’ physical and mental health status.