水中平板运动训练对中老年超重患者心肺功能以及运动能力影响的研究

Effect of underwater treadmill training on exercise performance and cardiopulmonary function in elderly overweight patients

目的:观察水中平板运动训练(UWTT)和普通平板运动训练(LTT)对中老年超重患者心肺功能以及运动能力的影响。方法:56例(男性33例,女性23例)习惯性久坐少动的中老年超重患者(BMI:24.0—27.9)采用随机数字表分为水中平板组(UG)30例和普通平板训练组(LG)26例。两组受试者以单次训练消耗相同的能量为原则进行每周4次,为期6周的平板运动训练(1—2周:150k Cal;3—4周:200k Cal;5—6周:250k Cal)。训练前后采用运动心肺试验、坐—站试验、6分钟步行试验、Berg平衡量表对受试者的心肺功能以及运动功能进行评定。结果:训练前后两组内受试者的最大耗氧量、无氧阈明显增加(P<0.05),组间比较无明显差异(P>0.05);水中平板组的下肢力量、步行能力以及平衡能力明显增加(P<0.05),且高于普通平板组(P<0.05)。结论:水中平板运动训练与普通平板运动训练均能够不同程度改善中老年超重患者的心肺功能;水中平板运动训练还能够增加该类患者的下肢力量及耐力,改善平衡能力,增加康复训练的效率。

Objective： To observe the effects of underwater treadmill training and land treadmill training on exercise performance and cardiopulmonary function in elderly overweight patients.Method： Fifty-six physically inactive, overweight（BMI： 24.0—27.9） elderly patients（men 33, women 23） were randomly assigned to land treadmill training group（n=26） and underwater treadmill training group（n=30） by random number table. The patients adopted the treadmill training four times a week for six weeks under the required calories consumption per train（week 1—2： 150 k Cal; week 3—4： 200 k Cal; week 5—6： 250 k Cal）. All patients were evaluated with exercise performance and cardiopulmonary function by cardiopulmonary exercise test（CPET）, chair stand test（CST）, 6 minutes walk test（6MWT） and Berg Balance Scale（BBS） before and after training.Result： Both two training improved patients＇ VO2 max and anaerobic threshold（P0.05） and there was no significant difference between two groups（P0.05）. After training the lower limb strength, walking ability and balance improved more in underwater treadmill training group（P0.05） more than land treadmill training group（P0.05）.Conclusion： Underwater treadmill training and land treadmill training can both improve the elderly overweightpatients＇ cardiopulmonary function. Underwater treadmill training can also improve the lower limb strength,walking ability and balance, increase rehabilitation training efficiency.