输血前患者血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体检测结果临床研究

Study on the detect result of serum HBs Ag,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and syphilis antibodies before transfusion

目的:观察输血前患者血乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙肝抗体(抗HCV)、艾滋病抗体(抗HIV)和梅毒抗体检测结果。方法:取医院输血治疗患者3542例,治疗前对患者采用化学发光免疫测定(CLIA)法和ELISA法检测血清标本中血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体指标,分析其检测结果并提出相应的解决对策。结果:3542例输血患者中704例血HBsAg阳性,52例抗HCV阳性、3例抗HIV阳性,200例梅毒抗体阳性;男性血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体感染率,高于女性(P<0.05)。3542例输血患者中不同年龄段均存在血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体感,对于血HBsAg、抗HCV多发生在21~40岁年龄段;抗HIV多发生在41~60岁年龄段;梅毒抗体发生在41~>60岁年龄段。959例血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体感染病例分布科室较多,排在前三位分别为消化内科、普外科及肿瘤科,分别占33.98%、20.96%及17.00%。结论:输血前加强患者血HBsAg、抗HCV、抗HIV和梅毒抗体指标检测,能降低血液传染性疾病发生率,值得推广应用。

Objectives： To observe the detect result of serum hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti - HCV, anti -HIV and syphilis antibodies before transfusion. Methods： 3542 patients received transfusion therapy were selected. The chemil immunoassay （CLIA） and ELISA was adopted to detect serum HBsAg, anti -HCV, anti -HIV and syphilis antibodles indicators, to analyze the test results and the corresponding solutions. Results： Among the 3542 patients, there were 704 cases of HBsAg positive, 52 cases of anti -HCV positive, 3 ca- ses of anti - HIV positive and 200 cases of syphilis antibodies. The serum HBsAg, anti - HCV, anti - HIV and syphilis levels were higher in male patients than females （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There were serum HBsAg, anti - HCV, anti - HIV and syphilis antibodies in all the 3542 patients at different ages. Serum HBsAg and anti - HCV was more common in the 21 - 40 age group; anti - HIV was more common in the 41 - 60 age group; and syphilis antibodies were more common in the 41 - 〉 60 age group. Of the 959 patients with serum HBsAg, anti - HCV, anti - HIV and syphilis antibodies, the top three departments were- gastroenterology, general surgery and oncology department, which accounted for 33.98%, 20. 96% and 17.00% respectively. Conclusion： Strengthening the detection of ser- um HBsAg, anti - HCV, anti - HIV and syphilis antibodies before transfusion can reduce the incidence of infectious blood disease, which should be widely applied.