2013-2015年成都主城区呼吸道感染住院儿童肺炎支原体感染分析

Analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children with respiratory tract infection in hospital in Chengdu from 2013 to 2015

目的:了解成都主城区区呼吸道感染住院患儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染情况,分析其流行特点,为临床的诊断治疗提供理论依据。方法:收集2013年1月至2015年12月儿科呼吸道感染住院患儿22 565例,采用间接免疫荧光法检测肺炎支原体(MP)Ig M抗体。结果:受检患儿MP呈阳性的2 852例,总阳性率12.64%,其中男性阳性率9.59%.女性阳性率17.15%,女性患儿阳性率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=281.341、P<0.05)。不同年龄组间MP检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 395.788、P<0.05),学龄前儿童组、学龄期儿童组检测阳性率较高,分别为22.91%和23.08%。2013年MP检测阳性率14.66%,2014年MP检测阳性率13.18%,2015年MP检测阳性率10.47%,三年MP检测结果差异有统计学意义(χ~2=61.915、P<0.05)。而每年的1-3月、9-12月MP的检测阳性率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MP感染与每月PM2.5的变化无相关性(R=0.336、P>0.05)。MP感染最常见的疾病是支气管肺炎其次是急性支气管炎。结论:成都市主城区呼吸道感染患儿的肺炎支原体流行分布与性别、年龄、年份、月份均有关,与空气质量PM2.5无相关性;MP感染较高的疾病是支气管肺炎和急性支气管炎。

Objective： To investigate mycoplasma pneumoniae（ MP） infection status among children with espiratory tract infection in hospital in Chengdu and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis andtreatment. Methods： 22565 cases of children with pediatric respiratory tract infection between January 2013 and December 2015 were collected to detect mycoplasma pneumoniae（ MP） Ig M antibody using indirect immunofluorescence method. Results： 2852 cases of children with MP were tested positive,total positive rate was 12. 64%,9. 59% in male and 17. 15% in female. Female children had a higher positive rates. The difference was statistically significant（ χ~2= 281. 341,P 0. 05）. The difference of MP positive rate was statistically significant in different ages（ χ~2= 1395. 788,P 0. 05）,there was a higher MP positive rate in preschool children and school children,being 22. 91% and 23. 08%,respectively. MP positive rate was 14. 66% in2013,13. 18% in 2014 and 10. 47% in 2015,the difference was statistically significant（ χ~2= 61. 915,P 0. 05）.There was a higher MP positive rate from January to March and from September to December（ P 0. 05） every year.There was no correlation between MP infection and PM2. 5（ R = 0. 336,P 0. 05）. There was a higher MP positive rate in children with bronchial pneumonia and acute bronchitis. Conclusion： The epidemiological distribution of MP in children with respiratory tract infection in Chengdu was relevant with the gender,age,year and month,unrelevant with PM2. 5;There was a higher MP positive rate in children with bronchial pneumonia and acute bronchitis.