急性心肌梗死斑块破裂光学相干断层成像特征与外周血白细胞计数的关系

Association between optical coherence tomography characteristics and peripheral blood leukocyte count in patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的研究急性心肌梗死斑块破裂光学相干断层成像(OCT)特征与外周血白细胞计数的关系。方法连续入选阜外医院因急性心肌梗死(AMI)行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)并在血栓抽吸后行OCT证实斑块破裂的33例患者。搜集患者人口学资料、危险因素、既往病史、冠状动脉造影资料、OCT影像特征和围术期实验室检查结果。结果 33例患者中,纤维帽厚度>65μm患者淋巴细胞计数、单核细胞计数和嗜碱性粒细胞计数[(2.31±0.86)×10~9/L比(1.57±0.80)×10~9/L;(0.57±0.08)×10~9/L比(0.44±0.14)×10~9/L;(0.05±0.03)×10~9/L比(0.03±0.02)×10~9/L]明显高于纤维帽厚度≤65μm患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。有胆固醇结晶组嗜酸性粒细胞计数低于无胆固醇结晶患者[(0.04±0.06)×10~9/L比(0.10±0.09)×109/L,P=0.028];前者的中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值显著高于后者[(8.35±6.13)比(4.97±2.01),P=0.020]。具有白血栓的患者淋巴细胞计数高于无白血栓组(P=0.038)。钙化斑块患者单核细胞计数明显高于无钙化斑块患者(P<0.05)。有巨噬细胞浸润患者血小板/淋巴细胞比值明显升高[(165.72±85.93)比(113.47±19.13),P<0.05)]。OCT特征数量的增加,白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、单核细胞计数水平逐渐升高,但仅单核细胞计数水平的升高差异有统计学意义(P=0.014)。结论外周血白细胞计数水平可能与AMI患者斑块破裂的OCT特征有关,提示炎症水平与斑块破裂有关。

Objective To explore the relationship between optical coherence tomography （OCT） characteristics and peripheral blood leukocyte count in patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI）. Methods A total of 33 patients with AMI hospitalized in Fuwai Hospital for primary percutaneous coronary intervention were consecutively enrolled,and underwent intracoronary OCT procedures after manual aspiration of coronary thrombus. Demographic data, risk factors, procedural and OCT data, past medical history and perioperative laboratory findings were collected in all patients. Results The lymphocyte count,monocyte count and basophil count were significantly higher in the patients with fibrous cap thickness ≥ 65 μm than in those patients with fibrous cap thickness ≤ 65 μm. Patients presenting with cholesterol crystallization had lower eosinophil count than those patients with crystallization-free [（0.04±0.06）×109/L vs.（0.10±0.09） ×109/L,P =0.028]. In addition,the former had significantly higher to neutrophil lymphocyte ratio than the latter [（8.35±6.13）vs.（4.97±2.01）, P =0.020]. Higher monocyte count was found in the patients with calcified plaque （P〈0.05）. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio was significantly increased in the patients with macrophage infiltration [（165.72±85.93）vs.（113.47±19.13）,P 〈0.05]. The leukocyte count,neutrophil count and monocyte count showed the treat of elevation as the number of OCT characteristics increased,but only the elevation of monocyte count had statistical significant level （P = 0.014）. Conclusions Peripheral blood leukocyte count seems to be associated with OCT characteristics of plaque rupture in patients with acute myocardial infarction,suggesting the potential role of inflammation in plaque rupture.