地形三维建模中特殊地物的处理方法

The Method of Treating Special Objects in Terrain 3D Modeling

在三维建模领域,空中三角测量通过少量的控制点,按一定的数学模型加密解算出所需要的全部控制点及每张像片的外方位元素并由此进行三维重建工作;若遇到一些特殊地物(如桥梁、铁塔、水域等)时,往往会出现模型错乱、模糊不清、有漏洞或无法正确显示等一系列问题。本文采用倾斜摄影测量建模的方式,对一些特殊地物进行信息采集,再利用专业软件进行加工处理,用3dsmax类建模软件对采集的信息进行精细建模,用skyline类软件进行三维场景编辑及漫游,从而能够实现基于原本样貌重建特殊地物的三维模型。

In the field of three - dimensional modeling, based on small number of control points and certain mathematical model, the aerial triangulation solves the needed control points and the external elements of each photo, and then reconstructs the three - dimen- sional model. However, a series of problems yield in the procedure, some special features such as bridges, towers, trees, water area, etc. , the model of which are disordered and incomplete, and cannot be displayed properly. The oblique photogrammetry modeling method is adopted to collect the information of the special features. Special software is used to process the information. The fine mod- els can be achieved by using 3dsmax software and 3D scene editing and roaming by skyline. The method can build a better model for the special features and display the model with its original appearance.