丛枝菌根真菌对番茄生长的影响

Effect of various arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of tomato

【目的】研究不同种类丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizae,AM)对番茄生长的影响,为后续研究和开发菌根菌剂在蔬菜产业的应用和推广提供依据.【方法】利用盆栽试验接种5种不同的AM真菌:单孢球囊霉(Glomus monosporum,G_1)、根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices,G_2)、地表球囊霉(Glomus versiforme,G_3)、光壁无梗囊霉(Acaulospora laevis,AL)和土著AM真菌black及未接种处理(CK),分析比较了不同AM菌剂处理下对番茄菌根侵染率,地上、地下生物量,株高等生长指标和可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标的影响.【结果】5种处理均能侵染番茄根系形成菌根,G_1、G_3处理对番茄根系的侵染率最高,分别为64.33%、59.22%;G_1与G_3处理分别显著的增加了植株株高与茎粗;G_1、G_3处理可显著影响植株地上生物量、地下生物量及总生物量;G_1、G_3处理可显著增大气孔大度、减小胞间CO_2浓度,较CK显著提高植株叶片净光合速率70.50%、83.17%;5种处理均能提高叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量;G_3处理下显著提高叶片可溶糖含量.【结论】不同的AM真菌对同一宿主的促生效应不尽相同,G_1、G_3处理对番茄植株的促生效应最为显著,具有开发为番茄菌根菌剂的潜力.

【Objective】The growth effects of tomato was studied by different Arbuscular mycorrhizae（AM）fungi,in order to provide the basic of application and promotion on mycorrhizal inoculants application to vegetable industry.【Method】Five AM fungi inoculums,Glomus monosporum（G1）,G.versiforme（G2）,G.intraradices（G3）,Acaulospora laevis and indigenous AM fungi,were inoculated in the potted tomato.The effects on tomato rate of colonization,shoot biomass,root biomass,height and other growth indicators and soluble sugar,soluble protein content were determined.【Result】Tomato was colonized and formed mycorrhiza with five fungi inoculation.G1 and G3 reached the maximum colonization percentage of64.33% and 59.22%,and significantly increased plant height and stem diameter when compared with CK.G1 and G3 also significantly affected root biomass,shoot biomass,total biomass and enlarged stomata conductance and reduced intercellular CO2 concentration,improved net photosynthesis rate of leaves by70.50%and 83.17%.Five treatments increased the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein,G3 showed the best increase.【Conclusion】Different AM fungi have distinguishing promotion effects on tomato growth,G1 and G3 show better,which could be as potential mycorrhizal inoculants.