肠道胆汁酸受体与糖脂代谢及肠肝疾病的研究进展

Research Progress of Intestinal Farnesoid X Receptor in Glycolipid Metabolism and Enterohepatic Diseases

肠道胆汁酸受体(FXR)作为核受体超家族的一员,主要由胆汁酸激活,肠道菌群可通过代谢胆汁酸,改变胆汁酸组成来影响肠道FXR活化状态。肠道FXR激活后,通过调节下游基因表达,参与调节胆汁酸、糖、脂质代谢;通过影响胆汁酸合成参与调节炎症反应及肝脏肿瘤发生,可作为胆汁淤积、代谢性疾病、炎症性肠病、肝脏肿瘤等疾病治疗的重要靶点。肠道FXR激活后可能不利于改善糖、脂代谢紊乱,但可减轻胆汁淤积、改善肠道炎症、减少肝脏肿瘤发生。

Intestinal farnesoid X receptor（FXR） ,as a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, is mainly activated by bile acids, and intestinal flora can affect the activation of intestinal FXR by regulating the bile acid composi- tion. Activated intestinal FXR plays an important role in metabolism of bile acids, glucose and lipid, and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response and the occurrence of liver tumors： through controlling bile acid synthesis. Intestinal FXR could be a potential target for the treatment of cholestasis, metabolic disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and liver tumors. Activation of intestinal FXR can facilitate the disturbance of glucolipidmetabolism, but ameliorate cholestasis, inflammatory bowel disease and the occurrence of hver tumors.