公共服务享有、居住证积分与农民工市民化观察

Public Service Right,Residential Permit Points and Measurement on Rural Migrant Citizenization

在居住证制度下,农民工市民化体现于农民工申领到所在城市的居住证,遵循该城市居住证管理办法积累居住证积分,从而享有与积分水平对应的基本公共服务权利。本文以上海市为例,依据《上海市居住证管理办法》和《上海市居住证积分管理办法》,运用CFPS 2010-2012年数据估算了农民工的居住证积分水平,结果显示:农民工当前的积分水平仅有标准满分值的1/4,且持续积累积分的能力不足。取消户口登记的城乡差异、流动人口统一居住证管理,已经向城乡劳动者权利平等迈出了关键的一步,但农民工市民化的切实推进,还须从居住证制度以外的公共服务平等化持续着力。

Under the current residence permit system, rural migrant workers＇ citizenization can be measured as applying for the residence permit in the city, following the regulations, accumulating residence permit points and acquiring the public service right corresponding to the points. According to Procedures for Administration of Shanghai Residence Card Points and Procedures for Administration of Shanghai Residence Cards, we studied the rural migrant workers＇ residence permit points status using CFPS data from 2010 to 2012 and found the following results： 1. The current point level of rural migrant workers＇ points is only 1/4 of the standard full score and they lack the ability to accumulate points sustainably. 2. Although we＇ve made signifi- cant progress towards labor equality by eliminating the urban-rural differences of household registration and unifying the resi- dence card for migrant population, the promotion of rural migrant workers＇ citizenization must continue focusing its effort on the equalization of public services outside the system.