突发公共事件中地方领导人公开言论比较研究

Comparative Study on Local Government Leader's Public Comments in Public Emergency

突发公共事件的有效处理既依赖于健全的应急管理体系,在很大程度上也取决于地方领导人在事件发生时的处理态度及其言论的公正性。本文以突发公共事件中地方领导人公开言论为研究对象,以"AHP-模糊综合评价法"为研究工具,对经过特定标准筛选的12份突发公共事件中地方领导人的公开言论进行归纳并分类比较,判定公开言论在政府责任意识等方面的同质性特点、语法与内容表达等方面的异质性特点等,继而得出地方领导人有必要合理使用诠释性政策话语体系和战略性地思考突发公共事件结论与启示,通过公开言论在政府与民众间驾起沟通的桥梁,推动突发公共事件的有效处置。

The effective treatment of urgent public affairs depends not only on healthy emergency management system but also on the attitude and fairness of the words of local leaders during dealing with the events upon their occurrence, because when facing public crisis induced by emergent public affairs, it was no doubt that local government leaders could undoubtedly become the first responsible person for urgent management and a lot of rescue work still needs the wisdom and artistic words of the leaders to respond. An excellent public speech may be able to realize the integrity of strategic rationality, tool rationality, and value nationality in the work of rescuing as well as the maximum social benefit in the work of rescuing and reconstruction so as to reduce the harm by public events to the maximum degree. Otherwise inappropriate speech may extremely damage the emergency management and work and thus constitute threat to the life and property security of the citizens. This paper focuses on the local government leaders＇ public comments which are in public emergency and uses the ＂ AHP-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method＂ as a tool. Firstly, through the method of analytic hierarchy process, the paper asserts weight coefficient of the indicator system with the help of experts＇ assigned scores. Secondly, our team selects 12 local government leaders＇ public comments with the type of public emergency, the rank of local government leaders as well as the time of presentation of public comments as the index. Thirdly, this paper carries on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to 12 comments and classifies comments by the final fuzzy matrix. Fourthly, the paper researches public comments＇ homogeneity trend in government＇s responsibility and government＇s consciousness, while their heterogeneity trend in rhetoric, expression of content, and so on. Fifthly, we propose and proposals for local government leaders to use interpretational policy discourse system properly, and to reflect upon solutions of public emergencies strategically, which helps local government leaders to improve their emergency management capability and the artistry of public comments and reconstruct the social order via settling the public emergency.