2014—2015年蚌埠市成年居民血脂异常患病率及危险因素

Prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia among adults in Bengbu City in 2014-2015

目的了解安徽省蚌埠市成年居民血脂异常患病情况及可能影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,2014年9月—2015年9月从蚌埠市4个行政区中抽取8个社区共1 545名居民,其中男性468名,女性1 077名,年龄(55.19±12.07)岁,进行问卷调查(年龄、性别、慢性病患病情况)、体格检查(身高、体重、腰围、臀围等),测量其血压、空腹血糖及血脂水平,研究血脂异常患病率并分析其危险因素。结果抽样居民血脂异常患者共826人(53.5%),其中男性220人(47.0%),女性606人(56.3%)。男性的患病率随着年龄的增长呈现降低趋势,高峰期出现在50~59岁年龄段;而女性的血脂异常患病率一直呈现上升趋势,高峰期出现在≥70岁年龄段。血脂异常人群的体质指数[(23.92±3.21)vs.(23.14±3.06)]、腰围[(84.6±9.5)vs.(79.5±9.3)]、腰臀比[(0.89±0.08)vs.(0.82±0.07)]、收缩压[(133.52±11.43)vs.(127.49±11.58)]、舒张压[(82.07±10.58)vs.(79.86±9.87)]、胆固醇[(4.96±1.04)vs.(4.68±0.77)]、甘油三酯[(2.15±1.32)vs.(1.42±0.43)]、高血压患病率(33.6%vs.26.2%)、糖尿病患病率(8.4%vs.5.6%)、超重率(44.7%vs.32.7%)和肥胖率(11.2%vs.4.7%)均高于血脂正常人群,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、经常锻炼的频率(33.3%vs.40.9%)低于血脂正常的人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示腰围、腰臀比、超重是血脂异常的独立危险因素,有规律的体育锻炼是其保护因素。结论蚌埠市成年居民血脂异常患病率较高,应加强对中心性肥胖和绝经期妇女等高危人群的重点防治。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia among community residents in Bengbu City. Methods Totally 8 communities from 4districts were sampled through stratified randomized sampling,1545 community residents[468 males,1077 females,the mean age was（ 55. 19 ± 12. 07） years old]selected as thesubjects. They answered a well-designed questionnaire（ age,gender,history of chronic disease）, received physical examinations（ height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference）,measured the blood lipids and blood glucose. The prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed. Results Among 826（ 53. 5%） patients with dyslipidemia, 220（ 47. 0%） males, 606（ 56. 3%） females. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in male decreased in accordance to aging,the peak appeared in 50-59 age group. However,the prevalence of dyslipidemia in female increased in accordance to aging,the peak appeared in ≥70 age group. There were significant difference in BMI,WC,WHR,SBP,DBP,TC,TG,HDL-C,overweight,obesity and regular physical activity between the dyslipidemia and normal subjects（ P 0. 05）. Logistic analysis showed that WC, WHR, overweight were independent risk factors for dyslipidemia,regular physical activity was protective factor for dyslipidemia. Conclusion Dyslipidemia is common in Bengbu City,measures should be taken to prevent the people who are at higher risk from getting dyslipidemia, especially in those obesity people and perimenopause women.