重庆市某区小学女生多环芳烃内暴露水平及其与青春发动时相的关系

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in girls and association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and puberty timing

目的建立同时测定尿中4种多环芳烃(PAHs)代谢物的检测方法,研究重庆市某区女童青春发动时相提前与体内多环芳烃暴露水平的关系。方法研究对象采用目的性抽样,对重庆市某区4所小学1~4年级女生进行一般情况的问卷调查、生长发育的体格检查、并收集尿液,采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS)对样品中4种PAHs代谢物进行定性和定量检测。结果 4种PAHs代谢物标准曲线相关性高,方法检出限为0.1 ng/mL。研究共调查女童737名,青春发动时相提前组209人,正常组528人。尿液检测结果显示4种PAHs代谢物检出率为100%,4种代谢物的检出浓度范围分别为1-羟基芘0.01~4.77 ng/mL,2-羟基萘0.15~50.00ng/mL,2-羟基芴0.06~12.59 ng/mL及9-羟基菲0.29~23.17 ng/mL。青春发动时相提前组和正常组在2-羟基芴(Z=-1.996)和9-羟基菲(Z=-3.161)暴露水平上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),控制了肥胖因素后,青春发动时相提前组9-羟基菲(Z=-3.012)暴露水平仍高于正常组(P<0.05)。结论该方法适用于4种PAHs代谢物的同时检测,研究地区女童青春发育早期均有PAHs暴露,且PAHs暴露可能是女童青春发动时相提前的因素之一。

Objective To develop amethod for simultaneous determination of four metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（ PAHs）,and to study the association between puberty timing of girls and PAHs exposure levels in Chongqing. Methods Through purposeful sampling,questionnaire survey of the general information,physical examination of growth and development,collection of urine sample were carried out among1-4 grades of four primary school girls in a district of Chongqing. High performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry（ HPLC-MS） was applied to qualitativelyand quantitatively detect four kinds of PAHs metabolites（ 1-hydroxy pyrene（ 1-OHP）,2-hydroxy beta（ 2-OHNa）,2-hydroxy fluorene（ 2-OHFlu） and 9-hydroxyl（ 2-OHPh）） in the urine sample. Results The method had high correlation coefficients and the detection limits of the four metabolites were 0. 1 ng/mL. A total of 737 girls were investigated in this study,of which,209 girls were classified into early puberty timing group and 528 girls were classified into normal group. Urine determination result showed that four kinds of PAHs metabolites were detected in all the 737 girls,and urinary concentration ranges of the four PAHs metabolites were as follows： 1-OHP（ 0. 01-4. 77 ng/mL）,2-OHNa（ 0. 15-50. 00 ng/mL）,2-OHFlu（ 0. 06-12. 59 ng/mL） and 9-OHPh（ 0. 29-23. 17ng/mL）. The exposure levels of 2-OHFlu（ Z =-1. 996） and 9-OHPh（ Z =-3. 161）were statistically different between early puberty timing group and those in normal group（ P 0. 05）. After control the variable of obesity,the exposure level of 9-OHPh（ Z =-3. 012） in early group were still higher than normal group（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion This determination method is suitable to simultaneously determine four PAHs metabolites in urine samples. All the girls in the study area have exposed to PAHs during their early stages of pubertal development,and exposure to PAHs might be one of the factors causing early puberty timing in girls.