微流控技术制备球形发射药及其表征

Preparation and Characterization of Spherical Propellant by Microfluidic Technology

利用微流控技术,采用T型微通道装置,以水为连续相,以硝化棉的乙酸乙酯溶液为分散相,制备球形发射药。研究了连续相和分散相的流速比以及分散相的溶棉比对发射药成球效果的影响。结果表明:固定溶棉比(溶剂与硝化棉的质量比)为50∶2.5,连续相流速(Qc)为1000μL·min^(-1),分散相流速(Qd)在30~100μL·min^(-1)时,所得液滴均匀稳定,且随着分散相流速增大,所得球形药的粒径从270μm增大至306μm;固定水油两相流速比为1000μL·min^(-1):100μL·min^(-1),溶棉比在50∶2.0~50∶3.0,分散相溶棉比越小,所得球形药的粒径越大,其粒径从250μm增大到350μm。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明,利用微流控技术制得的硝化棉球形药表观形貌规整,粒径分布窄,单分散性好。

A T-shaped micro-channel device with continuous phase of aqueous solution and dispersed phase of ethyl acetate solu- tion was used to prepare the spherical propellants based on the microfluidic technology. The effects of flow rate ratios and nitrocellulose/solvent ratios on the preparation of spherical propellants were studied, respectively. Results showed that when the nitrocel- lulose/solvent ratio was fixed to 50 ： 2.5 and the flow rate of continuous phase was fixed to 1000 μL · min-1 , the particle size was increased from 270 μm to 306 μm with the increase of the flow rate of dispersed phase from 30 μL ·min-1 to 100 μL · min-1. When the flow rate ratio of the two phase was fixed to 1000 μL · min-1 ： 100 μL ·min-1 and the nitrocellulose/solvent ratio of the dispersed phase was from 50 ： 2.0 to 50 ： 3.0, the particle size was increased from 250 μm to 350 μm. The characterization results of SEM show that the nitrocellulose spheres prepared by the microfluidic technology had regular morphology, narrow size distribution and good monodispersity.