填充介质对火药装药爆轰性能的影响

Effect of Different Filling Medium on Detonation Performance of Propellant Charge

为了研究火药颗粒在不同介质中的爆轰性能,在火药颗粒空隙中分别均匀填充水、氧化剂溶液、氧化剂凝胶,通过板痕试验及测时仪法研究了不同填充物对火药装药爆轰性能的影响,并与无填充物的装药进行了对比;测试了灌注液的氧平衡对火药装药水下爆炸能量的影响。结果表明,水、氧化剂溶液、氧化剂凝胶等密实介质的加入,有利于爆轰冲击波的成长及传播,装药的爆速逐渐增加。火药颗粒装药中填充含氧化剂的密实介质后,能稳定爆轰并具有良好的爆轰性能,爆速6.4 km·s^(-1)。随着氧平衡的提高,火药装药的水下爆炸能量逐渐增加,总比能量与其氧平衡存在显著的线性关系。与岩石乳化炸药、铵油炸药相比,含火药装药的比冲击波能较高,其值大于1.0 kJ·g^(-1),总比能基本相当。

In order to study the detonation performance of propellant grains in different medium, the interspaces among the propellant grains were fully filled with water, oxidant solution and oxidant gel, respectively. The detonation performances of propellant charges with different filling medium were studied through the plate dent test and chronometer measurement test, which compared with no filler. The underwater output energies of propellant charges containing different oxygen balance of filling fluids were also measured by underwater blast test. The results show that with the addition of different filling medium such as water, oxidant solution in the charge of propellant grains, it is conducive to the growth and spread of detonation shock wave. The work capability of the charge is improved, and the detonation velocity is also increased. When the charge of propellant grains is filled with the dense medium which contains oxidant, it has excellent detonation velocity（about 6.4 km·s-1）.The underwater energies of propellant charges are increased with the increase of the oxygen balance, and there is a significant linear relationship between the total energy and the oxygen balance of the charge. Its shock wave energy is more than 1.0 kJ·g-1 and the total energy is basic quite compared with the rock emulsion explosive and ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive.