高速列车车体可靠性参数灵敏度分析方法对比研究

Method Comparison Research of Reliability Parametric Sensitivity Analysis for High Speed Train Carbody

以某型高速列车车体为研究对象,建立车体参数化有限元模型,将车体的材料属性、几何尺寸和载荷大小等参数设为随机变量,基于概率分析方法,通过统计分析得到其分布参数,分别基于蒙特卡洛和响应面数值模拟方法,求解车体的参数灵敏度.分析结果表明:在所选随机变量中,车体底架板材1、板材4和板材6的板厚尺寸对车体关注部位应力影响显著,设计过程中应对该变量进行严格控制;使用蒙特卡洛法和响应面法得到的灵敏度结果一致,其中响应面法缩减了求解时间;采用概率设计方法代替传统的定值设计方法,可以为高速列车车体的可靠性设计提供新的途径.

A high speed train carbody was taken as the research subject, and its parametric finite element model was established with material attributes, geometric parameters and loads as the random variables. Based on probabilistic method, the distribution parameter values were obtained by using statistical analysis which is used in the calculation of parametric sensitivity of earbody by Monte Carlo method and response surface method re- spectively. The results show that in all chosen random variable parameters ,the thickness of plates 1,4 and 6 in chassis show significant influence on the stress of concerned positions, which should be controlled strictly in de- sign process. The sensitivity results calculated by Monte Carlo method and Response Surface method are basi- cally consistent, but using the response surface method can greatly reduce the solution time. Using probability design method to replace the traditional fixed value design method could provide a new way for the reliability design of the high-speed train carbody.