基于生产力分化的农村社会阶层重塑及其影响——农业社会化服务的视角

The Re-construction of Rural Social Stratum based on Productivity Differentiation and Its Influence: From the Perspective of Agricultural Socialized Services

农业改革的推进使农业经营者呈现以生产力的分化为基础的阶层重塑,这种重塑对农业经营者和农业经营过程影响深刻。各阶层因生产力、生产方式以及生产目的的不同而产生了异质化的农业社会化服务需求,其中以大资本为基础、以企业式规模经营为手段、以利润最大化为目标的大规模经营与以家庭经营为主的其它阶层的需求之间存在本质性冲突,即资本大生产与家庭小生产之间的冲突,这种冲突具有不可调和性,并且这种冲突由农业社会化服务需求层面扩展至了社会层面,加剧了阶层间的冲突。同时,农业社会化服务体系也呈现出反映阶层力量结构的重塑趋势,即朝更有利于资源俘获能力更强的大规模经营者的方向重塑。

With the advance of agricultural reform, the agricultural operators have become diversified based on the division of productivity. This has a profound impact on the agricultural operators and the agricultural operation process. This article asserts that, owing to differentiation in productivity, production methods and production purposes, different agricultural operators have heterogeneous demands for agricultural socialized services. The heterogeneity can be wilnessed between household operation and large-scale operation characterized by large-scale capital investment, business-oriented operation and profit maximization, which leads to an extension of conflict from the field of agficultural socialized services provision to the society at large. Meanwhile, the agricultural socialized services provision has become stratified, reflecting the power of each class. The study concludes by revealing the fact that such a trend is more favorable to the large-scale operators whose resource capture capabilities are stronger.