黔东苗语空间系统的认知建构

The Cognitive Construction of Spatial System in Qian Dong Hmong Language

苗语黔东方言区空间参照分环境中心、物体中心和观察者中心,三者都有动态性和相对性,苗语中缺乏绝对空间参照。就认知取向而言,苗族人对空间的认知更倾向于对垂直空间的关注,在句法上体现为垂直空间词的语义殊性。在空间知识归类方面,苗族人会将社会结群逻辑关系作为重要标准,其词汇和句法层面的空间表达均有所体现。

There are three spatial reference frames describing the local relations in Hmong language QianDong dialect, environmental-centred, object-centred, and viewer-centred, which have instability and relativity. In other words, Hmong language haven＇ t absolute reference frame.In Hmong＇ s cognitive system, their cognitive orientation is more inclined to pay attention to the vertical space than the level space, which is embodied in the semantic meaning of vertical space words.In addition, the Hmong always take the social group relations as an important knowledge classification standard, which is also reflected in the spacial concept expression.