多粒度时空对象关联关系的分类体系与表达模型

The Classification System and Expression Model of the Relationship of Spatio-temporal Object of Multi-Granularity

地理对象之间的关联关系是地理对象之间的相互作用形式。任何地理对象都不是独立存在的,与其他的地理对象有一定的关联关系,并且这些关联关系是复杂多样的。地理场景就是在地理对象之间普遍存在的、复杂多样的关联作用下形成的一个统一的整体。传统GIS数据模型对地理对象之间关联关系的描述多侧重于空间关系,其他的关联关系往往需要经过比较复杂的计算和推理后求得,难以完整地表达地理对象之间复杂的相互作用关系,不完全符合人类对地理现象的认知情况。然而,在全空间系统中,可以根据常见的地理分析需求对多粒度时空对象间关联、作用关系进行分类表达,便于客观实体全方位的抽象与表达。对象间的关联关系可主要分为空间关系、时间关系、属性关系、因果关系、认知关系5大类。本文用地理实体作为案例,分析了关联关系的表达模型。

The relationship of geographic objects is the interaction between geographic objects. Any geographical objects are not independent, and have a certain relationship with other geographical objects. Besides, these associations are complex and diverse. The description of relationship of geographical objects in traditional GIS data model focuses on spatial relations. Other relationships often need complicated calculation and inference to obtain. So it＇s hard to completely express the complex relationships of geographical objects, and it does not completely meet human cognition of geographical phenomena. However, in pan-spatial system, according to the needs of the common geographic analysis, we can classify and express the relationship of spatiotemporal objects of multi-granularity, which is convenient for the pan-position abstraction and expression of the objective entity. The relationship of the objects can be divided into five categories： spatial relation, temporal relation, attribute relation, causal relation and cognitive relation. Finally, we use the geographic entity as a case to analyze the expression model of the relation.