手术导萌与正畸矫治对小儿上颌前牙埋伏阻生的效果

Operation guide combined with orthodontic treatment for anterior maxillary impacted teeth in children

目的分析手术导萌联合正畸矫治治疗小儿上颌前牙埋伏阻生的临床效果。方法选取北京中医药大学东直门医院自2015年4月至2017年4月收治的90例上颌前牙埋伏阻生患儿,采取随机数字表法将患儿分成对照组与观察组,每组各45例。对照组给予外科导萌治疗,观察组给予外科导萌联合正畸矫治治疗,对比分析两组的治疗效果。结果两组患儿的性别、年龄、前牙埋伏阻生类型比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组与对照组相比,牙列紊乱率低、牙髓坏死率低、一次手术正常率高、二次手术率低,差异均具有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为12.34、9.12、7.12、6.68,均P<0.05)。两组牙龈退缩率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。一次手术成功的患儿行X线检查可见牙槽骨,根尖部位得以吸收,通过牙髓活力测试可见,牙髓具有正常的活力,且保持着良好的形态;牙弓具有正常的形态且咬合关系较为稳定。结论手术导萌联合正畸矫治治疗小儿上颌前牙埋伏阻生的效果显著,能有效地促进并改善预后。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of operation guide combined with orthodontic treatment for anterior maxillary impacted teeth in children. Methods Totally 90 cases with anterior maxillary impacted teeth treated in Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were selected from April 2015 to April 2017,and they were divided into control group and observation group with 45 cases in each group by random number table. The control group was given surgery therapy,while the observation group was provided with operation guide combined with orthodontic treatment. Therapeutic effect of two groups was compared. Results Gender,age and type of anterior maxillary impacted teeth in two groups were not significantly different（ all P 0. 05）. The rates of tooth disorder,pulp necrosis rate and secondary operation rate were lower and first operation rate was higher in the observation group compared with the control group with significant differences（ χ~2 value was 12. 34,9. 12,7. 12 and 6. 68,respectively,all P 0. 05）. The gums shrink rate in two groups had no obvious difference（ P 0. 05）. X-ray examination showed that alveolar bone and apical part were absorbed in cases at first successful operation with normal vitality and good form of pulp as well as normal morphology of dental arch and stable occlusal relationship.Conclusion Operation guide combined with orthodontic treatment of anterior maxillary impacted teeth can achieve significant effect and can improve prognosis effectively.