重症监护室呼吸机相关性肺炎危险因素及护理

Analysis of Risk Factors of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Unit and Nursing Measures

目的分析重症监护室呼吸机相关性肺炎危险因素,并提出护理措施。方法选取我院机械通气的96例患者,有26例患者发生了呼吸机相关性肺炎,根据患者有无发生呼吸机相关性肺炎将患者分为肺炎组和非肺炎组。利用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析进行危险因素分析,并提出护理对策。结果两组患者的插管方式、机械通气时间、中心静脉置管、昏迷等因素的差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05;多因素分析机械通气时间与昏迷是机械通气患者发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的独立危险因素,OR>1.0。结论通过对呼吸机相关性肺炎的危险因素进行分析,发现机械通气时间和昏迷是引发呼吸机相关性肺炎重要危险因素,因此,针对这两个因素提出科学合理的预防护理措施,对于降低呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit and put forward nursing measures. Methods 96 patients with mechanical ventilation were enrolled in this study. 26 patients had ventilator-associated pneumonia. Patients were divided into pneumonia and non-pneumonia according to the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors and the nursing strategies were put forward. Results The difference of intubation, mechanical ventilation time, central venous catheterization and coma between the two groups was significant （P 〈 0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that mechanical ventilation time and coma was independent risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation factor, OR 〉 1.0. Conclusion The analysis of risk factors of ventilatorassociated pneumonia showed that ventilation time and coma are the important risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Therefore, put forward scientific and reasonable preventive nursing measures specific to these two factors, is of great importance to reduce the incidence of machinerelated pneumonia.