近300a来河北省张北县土地利用变化研究

Land Use Change Research in Zhangbei County of Hebei Province in Recent 300a

近300a来北方农牧交错带的土地利用发生了很大变化,对当时及现在的社会和自然环境都产生了不同程度的影响.选取位于农牧交错带的张北县为研究区域,主要利用地名志资料分析该地区土地利用的发展阶段,通过运用ArcGIS软件中的重分类、重心分析等功能显示了这一地区村落在不同地形区内随着时间变化的趋势,研究了影响土地开发的主要因素,认为政策因素在其中起着非常重要的作用;地形、海拔高度在很大程度上也影响着土地利用,而且持续性很强.这一个案研究既为以后研究农牧交错带提供了可行性技术和方法,也为此后这一地区土地再次开发利用提供历史借鉴.

In the past three centuries,land use in the agro-pastoral ecotone of North China has changed greatly,which has different impacts on society and natural environment. In this paper,Zhangbei county of Hebei province is selected as the research area. The development stage of land use is mainly analyzed using toponymy materials. By using the functions of reclassification and gravity analysis in ArcGIS software, the change trend of villages in different terrain areas with time is showed,and the main factors influencing land development are studied. Results show that, policy plays an important role in the change process. Terrain and altitude also influence land use to a great extent, and the persistence is very strong. This case study provides feasible technique and method for the later study of agro-pastoral ecotone, and also provides a his torical reference for the subsequent exploitation and utilization of the land in this area.