近10年温州近岸海域赤潮灾害特征分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Red Tide Disaster in Wenzhou Coastal Waters During the Last 10 Years

对温州近岸海域2007~2016年间发生的赤潮灾害进行综合分析,结果表明:(1)时间分布上,赤潮主要发生在4~9月,高发期为5~6月,平均每次赤潮持续时间为8.6天;(2)空间分布上,赤潮主要发生在南麂海域、苍南海域和洞头海域,其中发生在南麂海域次数最多,占赤潮发生总数的46.0%;(3)引发赤潮的生物有10种,其中硅藻门3种,甲藻门5种,着色鞭毛藻门和原生动物门各1种,引发赤潮次数最多的是东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense),其次为米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi),引发赤潮的生物种类具有演替规律,不断有新的种类引发赤潮;(4)引发有毒赤潮的藻种主要为米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi),通过对近10年温州近岸海域赤潮的全面分析,为温州赤潮的防灾减灾和赤潮预警工作提供科学合理的依据。

In this paper, all the red tide events that occurred from 2007 to 2016 in Wenzhou coastal wa- ter were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that： （1） the outbreaks of red tide often occurred between March and September, and the peak period was in May and June, and the average lasting time of red tide is 8.6 days; （2） in terms of spatial distribution, the outbreaks of red tides mainly occurred in the coastal waters of Nanji, Cangnan and Dongtou, and the number of red tides occurred in Nanji coast- al area was high about 46.0% of total occurrence; （3） there were 10 species of organisms causing the red tides in Wenzhou coastal waters, among which 3 species were Bacillariophyta, 5 species were Dino- phyta, 1 species was Chromophyta and 1 species was Protozoa; the Prorocentrum donghaiense was the most frequent cause of red tides, followed by the Karenia mikimotoi ; the species caused red tides o- beyed the succession law and there were always new species involved; （4） the major red tide plankton causing poisonous red tides were Karenia rnikimotoi. The comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of red tides during the last 10 years is expected to provide scientific and reasonable basis for the preven- tion, reduction and forecast of red tides in Wenzhou coastal waters.